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  • Title: Mandibular first premolar teeth extraction in skeletal Class III malocclusion.
    Author: Niwa K, Kushimoto K, Yamamaoto T.
    Journal: Gifu Shika Gakkai Zasshi; 1990 Jun; 17(1):330-8. PubMed ID: 2134769.
    Abstract:
    The patient was a 12-year-old girl with a skeletal class III malocclusion characterized by mandibular protrusion, a high mandibular plane angle, severe negative overjet and deep overbite. The patient's mandibular first premolar teeth were extracted following the standards of edgewise mechanotherapy. The total active treatment time was 19 months, however, retention was needed until the patient was 19 years old. The malocclusion has been treated satisfactorily resulting in correction of the functional and esthetic flaws without orthognatic surgery.
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