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  • Title: Vesico-ureteric reflux in Down's syndrome: poor prognosis.
    Author: Ahmed S.
    Journal: Aust N Z J Surg; 1990 Feb; 60(2):113-6. PubMed ID: 2139321.
    Abstract:
    Four patients with Down's syndrome and vesico-ureteric reflux (VUR) are reported. VUR was diagnosed in six renal units and three primary nephrectomies were necessary. Three ureters were reimplanted unsuccessfully in two patients. The 50% nephrectomy rate for reflux nephropathy and the 100% failure rate for ureteric reimplantation in Down's syndrome patients are compared with a nephrectomy rate and ureteric reimplantation failure rate of around 1% for primary VUR in other children.
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