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  • Title: The use of human epidermal keratinocytes in culture as a model for studying the biochemical mechanisms of sulfur mustard toxicity.
    Author: Smith WJ, Gross CL, Chan P, Meier HL.
    Journal: Cell Biol Toxicol; 1990 Jul; 6(3):285-91. PubMed ID: 2147571.
    Abstract:
    Human epidermal keratinocytes in culture were studied to evaluate their usefulness in demonstrating toxic events following exposure to sulfur mustard. Exposure of keratinocytes to sulfur mustard over a concentration range of 1-1000 microM HD, reduced NAD + levels from 96% to 32% of control levels. When keratinocytes were exposed to a concentration of 300 microM HD, NAD + levels began to fall at 1 hour and reached a plateau of 47% of control levels at 4 hours. Niacinamide, an inhibitor of the enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, partially protected mustard-exposed cells against NAD + depletion. It also protected cellular viability as assessed by vital staining 24 hours after exposure. This protection was not seen in long-term (72 hr) cultures. These studies suggest that human epidermal keratinocytes in culture can serve as a useful in vitro model for research into the biochemical mechanisms of sulfur mustard-induced cutaneous injury.
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