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  • Title: One-step preparation of efficient and reusable SO4(2-)/ZrO(2)-based hybrid solid catalysts functionalized by alkyl-bridged organosilica moieties for biodiesel production.
    Author: Li W, Ma F, Su F, Ma L, Zhang S, Guo Y.
    Journal: ChemSusChem; 2011 Jun 20; 4(6):744-56. PubMed ID: 21563314.
    Abstract:
    A series of mesoporous sulfated zirconia materials functionalized by alkyl-bridged organosilica moieties (SO(4)(2-)/ZrO(2)-SiO(2)(R) with various S/Si or Zr/Si molar ratios and R=CH(2)CH(2) or C(6)H(4)) were developed by a one-step co-condensation technique combined with hydrothermal treatment with the aid of a triblock copolymer surfactant (P123). The structures, morphologies, porosities, and acid properties of the materials were well characterized. Subsequently, the catalytic performances (activity and stability) of SO(4)(2-)/ZrO(2)-SiO(2)(R) were evaluated by the transesterification of both pure triglyceride (tripalmitin) and low-cost virgin plant oil (Eruca sativa Gars. oil) with methanol for biodiesel production under mild conditions (atmospheric pressure, 65 °C), and the enhanced catalytic activity with respect to alkyl-free sulfated zirconia was obtained. This excellent catalytic activity was explained in terms of the inherent Brønsted acidity, well-defined mesoporosity, and increased hydrophobicity of the as-prepared, hybrid, solid acid catalyst.
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