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  • Title: Nephrobronchial fistula complicating neglected nephrolithiasis and xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis.
    Author: Dubey IB, Singh AK, Prasad D, Jain BK.
    Journal: Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl; 2011 May; 22(3):549-51. PubMed ID: 21566318.
    Abstract:
    Nephrobronchial fistula is a rare complication seen in association with renal infections, trauma or stone disease. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is an infectious disease with a potential for fistulization to lung, skin, colon and other organs. We present a case of nephrolithiasis complicated by obstruction leading to pyonephrosis and nephrobronchial fistula, treated successfully by nephrectomy and excision of fistulous tracts. Nephrobronchial fistula, although a rare complication of longstanding renal stone, should be considered when a patient presents with perirenal suppurative process. This clinical case illustrates the natural history of nephro-bronchial fistula and the relevance of early treatment of nephrolithiasis.
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