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  • Title: Effect of sex hormones on crystal formation in a stone-forming rat model.
    Author: Yoshioka I, Tsujihata M, Okuyama A.
    Journal: Arch Ital Urol Androl; 2011 Mar; 83(1):26-30. PubMed ID: 21585166.
    Abstract:
    Sex hormones have substantial effects on crystal formation in the rat kidney through oxalate metabolism and oxidative cell damage. Testosterone is a promoter and estradiol an inhibitor of such crystal formation. The development of new medications related to sex hormones or GO are anticipated for sufferers of recurrent urolithiasis.
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