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  • Title: Prevalence of class A and AmpC β-lactamases in clinical Escherichia coli isolates from Pakistan Institute of Medical Science, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    Author: Hussain M, Hasan F, Shah AA, Hameed A, Jung M, Rayamajhi N, Cha SB, Yoo HS.
    Journal: Jpn J Infect Dis; 2011; 64(3):249-52. PubMed ID: 21617313.
    Abstract:
    In this study, 121 Escherichia coli samples isolated from clinical specimens obtained from Pakistan Institute of Medical Science, Islamabad, Pakistan, were analyzed for extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC β-lactamases using disk-diffusion assay and polymerase chain reaction. Of the isolates, 78 and 43 were identified as ESBL and AmpC producers, respectively. The highest resistance (89%) was observed against cefotaxime, followed by ciprofloxacin (87.6%) and cefepime (87%). Genetic analysis showed the presence of different class A and class C β-lactamase genes, either alone (44.7%) or in combination (53.6%). CTX-M (57.7%) was the most prevalent among class A, followed by TEM (20.3%) and SHV (15.4%). CIT (including LAT-1 to LAT-4, CMY-2 to CMY-7, and BIL-1) and MOX (including MOX-1, MOX-2, CMY-1, and CMY-8 to CMY-11) family-specific plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases were the most prevalent among these isolates. Our study showed that both class A and class C β-lactamases contributed to cephalosporin resistance in the E. coli isolates, thereby limiting therapeutic options. Co-expression of these enzymes may further hinder the identification of ESBLs, which is a critical step for designing a successful treatment for multidrug-resistant E. coli.
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