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  • Title: Bis-azobenzene crosslinkers for photocontrol of peptide structure.
    Author: Samanta S, Woolley GA.
    Journal: Chembiochem; 2011 Jul 25; 12(11):1712-23. PubMed ID: 21698738.
    Abstract:
    Crosslinkers that undergo large changes in length upon photoisomerization can produce large conformational changes, and thereby functional changes, in biomolecules. We have designed and synthesized extended and rigid bis-azobenzene crosslinkers: 4,4'-bis(4-(2-chloroacetamido)phenyl)diazenylbiphenyl (BPDB) and the water-soluble sulfonated analogue 4,4'-bis(4-(2-chloroacetamido)phenyl)diazenylbiphenyl-2,2'-disulfonate (BPDBS). These photoswitches can produce end-to-end distance changes of a minimum of ≈5 Å and a maximum of ≈23 Å upon trans/cis isomerization. They have high absorption coefficients (45-60 000 M(-1)  cm(-1) ) and can produce up to ≈80 % cis isomers under favorable conditions. The photoswitching behavior of BPDBS-crosslinked peptides was found to be highly dependent on the crosslinker attachment site. Upon UV irradiation (365 nm), significant decreases in α-helix content were observed for peptides that were crosslinked with BPDBS through Cys residues at i,i+19, and i,i+21 positions. In contrast, large increases in α-helix content were exhibited by i,i+11 crosslinked peptides. BPDBS thus constitutes a particularly bright and effective photoswitch for biomolecule photocontrol.
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