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  • Title: Lower serum paraoxonase-1 activity is related to higher serum amyloid a levels in metabolic syndrome.
    Author: Kappelle PJ, Bijzet J, Hazenberg BP, Dullaart RP.
    Journal: Arch Med Res; 2011 Apr; 42(3):219-25. PubMed ID: 21722818.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND AND AIMS: High-density lipoproteins (HDL) contain the anti-oxidative enzyme, paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), which is important for atheroprotection. The acute phase reactant, serum amyloid A (SAA), an HDL-associated apolipoprotein, may impair PON-1 activity, whereas SAA and PON-1 are reciprocally regulated in response to acute inflammatory stimuli. The relationship of serum PON-1 activity with SAA during low-grade chronic inflammation is unclear. Here we tested the extent to which low serum PON-1 activity is related to high SAA levels in subjects with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS: In 19 nondiabetic subjects with MetS and 67 subjects without MetS, serum PON-1, assayed as its arylesterase activity, and SAA were measured together with plasma lipids and lipoproteins, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment (HOMA(ir)). RESULTS: PON-1 activity was decreased (p=0.023), whereas SAA levels were increased (p=0.042) in MetS subjects, coinciding with higher hs-CRP levels and HOMA(ir) values. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that age- and gender-adjusted PON-1 activity was related inversely to SAA (β=-0.256, p=0.020) after adjustment for MetS, or alternatively for hs-CRP and HOMA(ir) (β=-0.271, p=0.049). CONCLUSIONS: Decreased serum PON-1 activity in MetS may in part be attributable to higher SAA levels. We suggest that higher SAA levels contribute to impaired HDL anti-oxidative function in MetS via an effect on PON-1 regulation.
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