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  • Title: Coronary atherosclerosis is associated with macrophage polarization in epicardial adipose tissue.
    Author: Hirata Y, Tabata M, Kurobe H, Motoki T, Akaike M, Nishio C, Higashida M, Mikasa H, Nakaya Y, Takanashi S, Igarashi T, Kitagawa T, Sata M.
    Journal: J Am Coll Cardiol; 2011 Jul 12; 58(3):248-55. PubMed ID: 21737014.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this report was to assess the link between macrophage polarization in epicardial adipose tissue and atherosclerosis in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). BACKGROUND: Macrophage accumulation enhances chronic inflammation in adipose tissue, but macrophage phenotypic change in human epicardial adipose tissue and its role in atherogenesis are unknown. METHODS: Samples were obtained from epicardial and subcutaneous adipose tissue during elective cardiac surgery (CAD, n = 38; non-CAD, n = 40). Infiltration of M1/M2 macrophages was investigated by immunohistochemical staining with antibodies against CD11c and CD206, respectively. Expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory adipocytokines in adipose tissue was evaluated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Infiltration of macrophages and expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were enhanced in epicardial fat of patients with CAD compared with that in non-CAD patients (p < 0.05). The ratio of M1/M2 macrophages was positively correlated with the severity of CAD (r = 0.312, p = 0.039). Furthermore, the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines was positively correlated, and the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines was negatively correlated with the ratio of M1/M2 macrophages in epicardial adipose tissue of CAD patients. By contrast, there was no significant difference in macrophage infiltration and cytokine expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue between the CAD and non-CAD groups. CONCLUSIONS: The ratio of M1/M2 macrophages in epicardial adipose tissue of CAD patients is changed compared with that in non-CAD patients. Human coronary atherosclerosis is associated with macrophage polarization in epicardial adipose tissue.
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