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  • Title: Conservation of hearing and protection of auditory hair cells against trauma-induced losses by local dexamethasone therapy: molecular and genetic mechanisms.
    Author: Van De Water TR, Abi Hachem RN, Dinh CT, Bas E, Haake SM, Hoosien G, Vivero R, Chan S, He J, Eshraghi AA, Angeli SI, Telischi FF, Balkany TJ.
    Journal: Cochlear Implants Int; 2010 Jun; 11 Suppl 1():42-55. PubMed ID: 21756583.
    Abstract:
    HYPOTHESIS: Dexamethasone (DXM) protects hearing against trauma-induced loss. MATERIALS: in vivo: A guinea pig model of electrode induced trauma (EIT)-induced hearing loss was used to locally deliver dexamethasone. In vitro: TNF-α-challenged organ of Corti explants treated with DXM or polymer-eluted DXM +/- PI3K/Akt/PkB/NFkB inhibitors were used for hair cells count and gene expression studies. RESULTS: in vivo: local DXM treatment of EIT-animals prevents trauma-induced loss of ABR thresholds that occurs in EIT-animals and EIT-animals treated with the carrier solution (i.e., AP), and prevented loss of auditory hair cells. In vitro: DXM and polymer-eluted DXM were equally effective in protecting hair cells from ototoxic levels of TNF-α Inhibitor treated explants demonstrated that DXM treatment requires both Akt/PKB and NFkB signalling for otoprotection. DXM treatment of explants showed up regulation of anti-apoptosis related genes (i.e., Bcl-2, Bcl-xl) and down regulation of pro-apoptosis related genes (i.e., Bax, TNFR-1). CONCLUSIONS: DXM exert its otoprotective action by activation of cell signal molecules (e.g., NFkB) that alter the expression of anti- and pro-apoptosis genes.
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