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  • Title: The coupling of X-chromosome inactivation to pluripotency.
    Author: Deuve JL, Avner P.
    Journal: Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol; 2011; 27():611-29. PubMed ID: 21801017.
    Abstract:
    X-chromosome inactivation, or the silencing of one X chromosome that occurs initially in the female somatic four-cell-stage embryo, is reversed during embryonic development first at the time of inner cell mass formation and again during formation of germ cell precursors. Such X-chromosome reactivation in the mouse implies the silencing of the Xist gene and the transcription of its antisense partner, Tsix, from both X chromosomes. In murine embryonic stem cells, both genes are under the transcriptional control of a series of critical pluripotency factors, namely, OCT3/4, NANOG, SOX2, KLF4, C-MYC and REX1. Although the inactive/active status of the two X chromosomes present in female human embryonic stem cells remains controversial, the reactivation of X-chromosome inactivation seems to be a signature for the naive pluripotent state.
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