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  • Title: The therapeutic use of vaptans for the treatment of dilutional hyponatremia.
    Author: Cassagnol M, Shogbon AO, Saad M.
    Journal: J Pharm Pract; 2011 Aug; 24(4):391-9. PubMed ID: 21813818.
    Abstract:
    Hyponatremia is a very common electrolyte abnormality. Dilutional hyponatremia is very difficult to treat effectively due to the complications of conventional treatment. Arginine-vasopressin (AVP) plays an integral role in circulatory and water homeostasis. AVP is a hormone released in response to increases in plasma tonicity or decreases in plasma volume in an attempt to maintain the plasma osmolality between 284 and 295 mOsm/L. AVP receptor antagonists or "vaptans" are a new class of drugs that allow for the safe and efficacious treatment of dilutional hyponatremia. Conivaptan, a mixed V1a/V2 receptor antagonist, and tolvaptan, a selective V2 receptor antagonist, are the only 2 vaptans approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.
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