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  • Title: Molecular orientation evolution and solvent evaporation during electrospinning of atactic polystyrene using real-time Raman spectroscopy.
    Author: Gururajan G, Giller CB, Snively CM, Chase DB, Rabolt JF.
    Journal: Appl Spectrosc; 2011 Aug; 65(8):858-65. PubMed ID: 21819775.
    Abstract:
    Real-time Raman spectroscopy was successfully utilized to monitor solvent evaporation and molecular orientation during electrospinning of atactic polystyrene (a-PS). The use of a binary solvent system of N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) provided a stable, straight jet during the experiment. The prominent Raman bands centered at 866 cm(-1), 914 cm(-1), and 1004 cm(-1), unique to DMF, THF, and a-PS, respectively, were used to monitor solvent concentration changes along the electrospinning jet for two different a-PS solutions. In addition, the changes in relative intensity for the radial skeletal ring vibration of the aromatic group of a-PS at 623 cm(-1) in two different polarization geometries, ZZ and YY, were monitored for orientation information. This study reports the first quantitative vibrational spectroscopic measurement during the electrospinning process. A significant change in concentration and orientation was observed during the process. The changes are explained in relation to the electrospinning process.
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