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  • Title: Epidemiology of central line-associated bloodstream infections in Quebec intensive care units: a 6-year review.
    Author: Fontela PS, Platt RW, Rocher I, Frenette C, Moore D, Fortin E, Buckeridge D, Pai M, Quach C.
    Journal: Am J Infect Control; 2012 Apr; 40(3):221-6. PubMed ID: 21824682.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: The burden of central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) in Canadian intensive care units (ICUs) is not well established. The present study aimed to describe CLABSI epidemiology in Quebec ICUs during 2003-2009. METHODS: The study population was a retrospective dynamic cohort of 58 ICUs that participated in the Surveillance Provinciale des Infections Nosocomiales program during 2003-2009. We calculated annual CLABSI incidence rates (IRs), central venous catheter (CVC) utilization ratios, and case-fatality proportions, and described the pathogens involved. We analyzed data using descriptive statistics and standardized incidence ratios. RESULTS: A total of 891 CLABSIs were identified during 446,137 CVC-days. In 2003-2009, CLABSI IRs were 1.67 CLABSI/1,000 CVC-days in adult ICUs, 2.20 CLABSIs/1,000 CVC-days in pediatric ICUs, and 4.40 CLABSIs/1,000 CVC-days in neonatal ICUs. Since 2007, CLABSI IRs in adult, pediatric and neonatal ICUs have decreased by 11%, 50%, and 18%, respectively. Pediatric ICUs had the highest CVC utilization ratio (median, 0.61; interquartile range, 0.57-0.66). Coagulase-negative staphylococci caused 53% of the CLABSIs. The proportion of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus declined from 70% to <40% after 2006. CONCLUSIONS: CLABSIs result in a considerable burden of illness in Quebec ICUs. However, CLABSI IRs have decreased since 2007, and the proportion of methicillin-resistant S aureus has remained <40% since 2006. Continuous surveillance is essential to determine whether these changes are sustainable.
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