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  • Title: Comparison of commercial kits for the detection of antibody to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in Nigeria.
    Author: Chikwem JO, Mohammed I, Ola TO.
    Journal: East Afr Med J; 1990 Mar; 67(3):209-13. PubMed ID: 2191859.
    Abstract:
    Four commercial kits for the detection of antibodies to HIV-1 were compared with regard to their sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value. The Wellcozyme competitive enzyme immunoassay was the least sensitive (62.5%), while Roche EIA, was the most sensitive (100%). All the commercial kits gave false negative results except the Roche EIA system. The Serodia particle agglutination test had the least positive predictive value of 26.9% while Roche EIA had the highest (88.9%). Our results show that commercial HIV-I antibody test kits are not equally sensitive in detecting positive sera. The practice of using Wellcozyme EIA alone for screening blood meant for transfusion should be discouraged because it does not detect all positive sera and might therefore increase the chances of transfusing HIV-I positive blood. The Roche EIA system appears to be the most reliable for screening blood. Test systems which detect HIV-2 should also be used for screening blood meant for transfusion. 4 commercial kits for detection of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were compared with regard to their sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value (PPV). The Wellcozyme competitive enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was the least sensitive (62.5%), while Roche EIA was the most sensitive (100%). All the commercial kits gave false negative results except the Roche EIA system. The Serodia particle agglutination test had the least PPV of 26.9%, while Roche EIA had the highest (88.9%). Results show that commercial HIV-1 antibody test kits are not equally sensitive in detecting positive sera. The practice of using Wellcozyme EIA alone for screening blood meant for transfusion should be discouraged because it does not detect all positive sera and might, therefore, increase the chances of transfusing HIV-1 positive blood. The Roche EIA system appears to be the most reliable for screening blood. Test systems which detect HIV-2 should also be used for screening blood meant for transfusion. 176 sera were used. 80 serum samples were gathered from female prostitutes; 30 from prisoners; 20 from patients with a sexually transmitted diseases; and 46 from blood donors. None of the blood came from anyone who had acquired immunodeficiency syndrome symptoms. The 4 commercial tests used were Wellcozyme, Elavia, Roche, and Serodia.
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