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  • Title: Intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome in the medical patient.
    Author: Smith C, Cheatham ML.
    Journal: Am Surg; 2011 Jul; 77 Suppl 1():S67-71. PubMed ID: 21944456.
    Abstract:
    Critically ill medical patients are at significant risk for developing intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS). Although surgical IAH/ACS is commonly acute and dramatic in onset, medical IAH/ACS is more slow and insidious in its development but no less deadly. The presence of pre-existing comorbid illnesses among medical patients imparts morbidity and mortality rates that are significantly greater than those of their surgical counterparts. A variety of effective medical management strategies for reducing elevated intra-abdominal pressure (IAP), coupled with early abdominal decompression when necessary, has been demonstrated to significantly improve patient survival from IAH/ACS. Serial IAP measurements, increased collaboration between surgeon and nonsurgeon, institution of medical management strategies, and early abdominal decompression for refractory IAH/ACS will lead to decreased rates of organ failure and improved survival for medical patients who develop IAH/ACS.
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