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  • Title: Incidence of non-infectious 'acute mastoiditis' in children.
    Author: Kontorinis G, Psarommatis I, Karabinos C, Iliodromiti Z, Tsakanikos M.
    Journal: J Laryngol Otol; 2012 Mar; 126(3):244-8. PubMed ID: 22032639.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: The temporal bone may be the first involved site in cases of systemic disease, and may even present with acute, mastoiditis-like symptomatology. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of such non-infectious 'acute mastoiditis' in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective chart review of 73 children admitted to a tertiary referral centre for acute mastoiditis. RESULTS: In 71 cases (97.3 per cent), an infectious basis was identified. In the majority of cases (33 of 73; 45 per cent), the responsible bacteria was Streptococcus pneumoniae. However, histopathological studies revealed a non-infectious underlying disease (myelocytic leukaemia or Langerhans' cell histiocytosis) in two atypical cases (2.7 per cent). CONCLUSION: 'Acute mastoiditis' of non-infectious aetiology is a rare but real threat for children, and a challenging diagnosis for otologists. A non-infectious basis should be suspected in every atypical, persistent or recurrent case of acute mastoiditis.
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