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Title: Crystal structure of human β-galactosidase: structural basis of Gm1 gangliosidosis and morquio B diseases. Author: Ohto U, Usui K, Ochi T, Yuki K, Satow Y, Shimizu T. Journal: J Biol Chem; 2012 Jan 13; 287(3):1801-12. PubMed ID: 22128166. Abstract: G(M1) gangliosidosis and Morquio B are autosomal recessive lysosomal storage diseases associated with a neurodegenerative disorder or dwarfism and skeletal abnormalities, respectively. These diseases are caused by deficiencies in the lysosomal enzyme β-d-galactosidase (β-Gal), which lead to accumulations of the β-Gal substrates, G(M1) ganglioside, and keratan sulfate. β-Gal is an exoglycosidase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal β-linked galactose residues. This study shows the crystal structures of human β-Gal in complex with its catalytic product galactose or with its inhibitor 1-deoxygalactonojirimycin. Human β-Gal is composed of a catalytic TIM barrel domain followed by β-domain 1 and β-domain 2. To gain structural insight into the molecular defects of β-Gal in the above diseases, the disease-causing mutations were mapped onto the three-dimensional structure. Finally, the possible causes of the diseases are discussed.[Abstract] [Full Text] [Related] [New Search]