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  • Title: Prevalence and causes of blindness and low vision among adults in Fiji.
    Author: Ramke J, Brian G, Maher L, Qalo Qoqonokana M, Szetu J.
    Journal: Clin Exp Ophthalmol; 2012 Jul; 40(5):490-6. PubMed ID: 22171580.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND:   To estimate the prevalence and causes of blindness and low vision among adults aged ≥40 years in Fiji. DESIGN:   Population-based cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS:   Adults aged ≥40 years in Viti Levu, Fiji. METHOD:   A population-based cross-sectional survey used multistage cluster random sampling to identify 34 clusters of 40 people. A cause of vision loss was determined for each eye with presenting vision worse than 6/18. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:   Blindness (better eye presenting vision worse than 6/60), low vision (better eye presenting vision worse than 6/18, but 6/60 or better). RESULTS:   Of 1892 people enumerated, 1381 participated (73.0%). Adjusting sample data for ethnicity, gender, age and domicile, the prevalence of blindness was 2.6% (95% confidence interval 1.7, 3.4) and low vision was 7.2% (95% confidence interval 5.9, 8.6) among adults aged ≥40 years. On multivariate analysis, being ≥70 years was a risk factor for blindness, but ethnicity, gender and urban/rural domicile were not. Being Indo-Fijian, female and older were risk factors for vision impairment (better eye presenting vision worse than 6/18). Cataract was the most common cause of bilateral blindness (71.1%). Among participants with low vision, uncorrected refractive error caused 63.3% and cataract was responsible for 25.0%. CONCLUSION:   Strategies that provide accessible cataract and refractive error services producing good quality outcomes will likely have the greatest impact on reducing vision impairment.
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