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  • Title: Quantum phase transition in an antiferromagnetic spinor Bose-Einstein condensate.
    Author: Bookjans EM, Vinit A, Raman C.
    Journal: Phys Rev Lett; 2011 Nov 04; 107(19):195306. PubMed ID: 22181622.
    Abstract:
    We have experimentally observed the dynamics of an antiferromagnetic sodium Bose-Einstein condensate quenched through a quantum phase transition. Using an off-resonant microwave field coupling the F = 1 and F = 2 atomic hyperfine levels, we rapidly switched the quadratic energy shift q from positive to negative values. At q = 0, the system undergoes a transition from a polar to antiferromagnetic phase. We measured the dynamical evolution of the population in the F = 1, mF = 0 state in the vicinity of this transition point and observed a mixed state of all 3 hyperfine components for q < 0. We also observed the coarsening dynamics of the instability for q < 0, as it nucleated small domains that grew to the axial size of the cloud.
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