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  • Title: Identification of resistance to either paraquat or ALS-inhibiting herbicides in two Western Australian Hordeum leporinum biotypes.
    Author: Owen MJ, Goggin DE, Powles SB.
    Journal: Pest Manag Sci; 2012 May; 68(5):757-63. PubMed ID: 22290852.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Hordeum populations are becoming increasingly difficult to control in cropping fields. Two herbicide-resistant H. leporinum populations were identified during a random crop survey after herbicides were applied. The study aimed to determine the herbicide resistance profile of these H. leporinum biotypes to a range of herbicides used for their control. RESULTS: Based on dose-response studies, one H. leporinum population was very highly resistant to sulfosulfuron and sulfometuron (both sulfonylurea herbicides) and also displayed low-level resistance to imazamox (an imidazolinone herbicide). Reduced sensitivity of the ALS enzyme was identified with in vitro activity assays. Gene sequence analysis revealed a proline-to-threonine substitution at amino acid position 197 of ALS, which is likely to be the molecular basis for resistance in this population. Herbicide screening also revealed a different H. leporinum population with resistance to the bipyridyl herbicide paraquat. CONCLUSION: This study established the first cases of (1) sulfonylurea-to-imidazolinone cross-resistance and (2) field-evolved paraquat resistance in a Hordeum species in Western Australia.
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