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  • Title: [Susceptibility of patients with congenital heart disease to pulmonary hypertension at a high altitude].
    Author: Chen QH, Lu L, Qi GR, Jin XH, Wang LM, Qi SG.
    Journal: Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi; 2011 Nov 29; 91(44):3120-2. PubMed ID: 22340653.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To explore the incidence of congenital heart disease (CHD) complicated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) at an altitude of over 2000 meters above sea level. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the profiles of 688 PAH patients selected from 1178 CHD patients at our hospital during January 2007 to December 2009. The risk factors of CHD-PAH were analyzed by age, altitude, etiologies and nationalities. RESULTS: Among 1178 CHD patients, 688 (58.4%) suffered PAH. And 239 PAH cases (54.8%) were found in 436 male patients and 449 PAH cases (60.5%) in 742 female patients (χ(2) = 3.667, P = 0.058). The difference was not significant. The incidences of PAH in CHD patients varied at different altitudes (χ(2) = 10.507, P = 0.005). And 55.2%, 57.2% and 68.7% were found in < 2500 m, 2500 - 3500 m and > 3500 m groups respectively. And the > 3500 m group was statistically higher than those of the < 2500 m and 2500 - 3500 m groups (χ(2) = 9.924, P = 0.005) (χ(2) = 8.007, P = 0.005). The mean pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) of < 2500 m group was (58 ± 18) mm Hg, 2500 - 3500 m was (63 ± 17) mm Hg and > 3500 m was (64 ± 19) mm Hg. There were significant differences among them. In age composition of CHD-PAH, the highest ratio appeared before the age of 18 years old for PDA (patent ductus arteriosus)-PAH and VSD (ventricular septal defect)-PAH while that of ASD-PAH at the ages of 30 - 39 years old. There were not statistical differences among all nationalities (χ(2) = 5.404, P = 0.248). CONCLUSION: The incidence of CHD-PAH at a high altitude is significantly higher than those at a low altitude. Hypoxia may promote the occurrence and development of PAH in CHD patients.
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