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  • Title: Double-illumination photoacoustic microscopy.
    Author: Yao J, Maslov KI, Puckett ER, Rowland KJ, Warner BW, Wang LV.
    Journal: Opt Lett; 2012 Feb 15; 37(4):659-61. PubMed ID: 22344139.
    Abstract:
    Recent developments of optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) have improved its spatial resolution and imaging speed. However, the penetration depth of OR-PAM is still limited to ~1 mm in tissue, owing to the strong tissue scattering. Here, we have developed double-illumination PAM (DI-PAM), which illuminates the sample from both top and bottom sides simultaneously. Through phantom and in vivo experiments, we have demonstrated for thin targets that DI-PAM has a penetration depth of ~2 mm in tissue at 532 nm and a focal zone of 260 μm, both significant improvements over traditional reflection or transmission-mode OR-PAM.
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