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  • Title: Long-term cognitive complaint and post-concussive symptoms following mild traumatic brain injury: the role of cognitive and affective factors.
    Author: Clarke LA, Genat RC, Anderson JF.
    Journal: Brain Inj; 2012; 26(3):298-307. PubMed ID: 22372417.
    Abstract:
    PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: To determine whether neuropsychological test performance or affective factors predict long-term post-concussive symptoms and cognitive complaint following mild traumatic brain injury. METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Participants included 21 individuals with mild traumatic brain injury, 19 individuals with spinal injury but no injury to the brain and 20 neurologically-normal controls. All participants completed measures of post-concussive symptoms, cognitive complaint, depression, anxiety, and personality and were administered a variety of neuropsychological tests. MAIN OUTCOMES AND RESULTS: The hypothesis that depression, anxiety and neuroticism would be better predictors of post-concussive symptoms than neuropsychological test performance for all three groups was supported. Contrary to expectations, however, neuropsychological test performance was a unique predictor of cognitive complaint for the mild traumatic brain injury group. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that long-term post-concussive symptoms are largely representative of psychological symptoms and not brain damage, but that genuine, albeit subtle, cognitive deficits also may be present for long-term periods following mild traumatic brain injury.
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