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  • Title: SRC is a signaling mediator in FLT3-ITD- but not in FLT3-TKD-positive AML.
    Author: Leischner H, Albers C, Grundler R, Razumovskaya E, Spiekermann K, Bohlander S, Rönnstrand L, Götze K, Peschel C, Duyster J.
    Journal: Blood; 2012 Apr 26; 119(17):4026-33. PubMed ID: 22411868.
    Abstract:
    Mutations of Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) are among the most frequently detected molecular abnormalities in AML patients. Internal tandem duplications (ITDs) are found in approximately 25% and point mutations within the second tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) in approximately 7% of AML patients. Patients carrying the FLT3-ITD but not the FLT3-TKD mutation have a significantly worse prognosis. Therefore, both FLT3 mutations seem to exert different biologic functions. FLT3-ITD but not FLT3-TKD has been shown to induce robust activation of the STAT5 signaling pathway. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms leading to differential STAT5 activation and show that FLT3-ITD but not FLT3-TKD uses SRC to activate STAT5. Coimmunoprecipitation and pull-down experiments revealed an exclusive interaction between SRC but not other Src family kinases and FLT3-ITD, which is mediated by the SRC SH2 domain. We identified tyrosines 589 and 591 of FLT3-ITD to be essential for SRC binding and subsequent STAT5 activation. Using site-specific Abs, we found that both residues were significantly more strongly phosphorylated in FLT3-ITD compared with FLT3-TKD. SRC inhibition and knock-down blocked STAT5 activation and proliferation induced by FLT3-ITD but not by FLT3-TKD. We conclude that SRC might be a therapeutic target in FLT3-ITD(+) AML.
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