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  • Title: Hybrid graphene-quantum dot phototransistors with ultrahigh gain.
    Author: Konstantatos G, Badioli M, Gaudreau L, Osmond J, Bernechea M, Garcia de Arquer FP, Gatti F, Koppens FH.
    Journal: Nat Nanotechnol; 2012 May 06; 7(6):363-8. PubMed ID: 22562036.
    Abstract:
    Graphene is an attractive material for optoelectronics and photodetection applications because it offers a broad spectral bandwidth and fast response times. However, weak light absorption and the absence of a gain mechanism that can generate multiple charge carriers from one incident photon have limited the responsivity of graphene-based photodetectors to ∼10(-2) A W(-1). Here, we demonstrate a gain of ∼10(8) electrons per photon and a responsivity of ∼10(7) A W(-1) in a hybrid photodetector that consists of monolayer or bilayer graphene covered with a thin film of colloidal quantum dots. Strong and tunable light absorption in the quantum-dot layer creates electric charges that are transferred to the graphene, where they recirculate many times due to the high charge mobility of graphene and long trapped-charge lifetimes in the quantum-dot layer. The device, with a specific detectivity of 7 × 10(13) Jones, benefits from gate-tunable sensitivity and speed, spectral selectivity from the short-wavelength infrared to the visible, and compatibility with current circuit technologies.
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