These tools will no longer be maintained as of December 31, 2024. Archived website can be found here. PubMed4Hh GitHub repository can be found here. Contact NLM Customer Service if you have questions.


Pubmed for Handhelds

PUBMED FOR HANDHELDS

Search MEDLINE/PubMed

  • Title: Influence of prenatal and postnatal growth on intellectual functioning in school-aged children.
    Author: Pongcharoen T, Ramakrishnan U, DiGirolamo AM, Winichagoon P, Flores R, Singkhornard J, Martorell R.
    Journal: Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med; 2012 May; 166(5):411-6. PubMed ID: 22566539.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To assess the relative influence of size at birth, infant growth, and late postnatal growth on intellectual functioning at 9 years of age. DESIGN: A follow-up, cross-sectional study. SETTING: Three districts in Khon Kaen province, northeast Thailand. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 560 children, or 92% of former participants of a trial of iron and/or zinc supplementation during infancy. MAIN EXPOSURES: Prenatal (size at birth), early infancy (birth to 4 months), late infancy (4 months to 1 year), and late postnatal (1 to 9 years) growth. Multiple-stage least squares analyses were used to generate uncorrelated residuals of postnatal growth. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Intellectual functioning was measured at 9 years using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children and the Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices (Pearson). Analyses included adjustment for maternal, household, and school characteristics. RESULTS: Significant relationships were found between growth and IQ (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for children, third edition, Thai version), but only up to 1 year of age; overall, growth was not related to the Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices. The strongest and most consistent relationships were with length (birth, early infancy, and late infancy); for weight, only early infancy gain was consistently related to IQ. Head circumference at birth was not collected routinely; head circumference at 4 months (but not head circumference growth thereafter) was related to IQ. Late postnatal growth was not associated with any outcome. CONCLUSION: Physical growth in early infancy (and, to a lesser extent, physical growth in late infancy and at birth) is associated with IQ at 9 years of age. Early infancy may be a critical window for human development.
    [Abstract] [Full Text] [Related] [New Search]