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  • Title: Determinants of DHA levels in early infancy: differential effects of breast milk and direct fish oil supplementation.
    Author: Meldrum SJ, D'Vaz N, Casadio Y, Dunstan JA, Niels Krogsgaard-Larsen N, Simmer K, Prescott SL.
    Journal: Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids; 2012 Jun; 86(6):233-9. PubMed ID: 22572105.
    Abstract:
    INTRODUCTION: Although omega (n)-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA), particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), intakes are important during infancy, the optimal method of increasing infant status remains unclear. We hypothesized that high-dose infant fish oil supplementation would have greater relative effects upon n-3 LCPUFA status at six months of age than breast milk fatty acids. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Infants (n=420) were supplemented daily from birth to six months with fish oil or placebo. In a subset of infants, LCPUFA levels were measured in cord blood, breast milk and in infant blood at 6 months. RESULTS: DHA levels increased in the fish oil group relative to placebo (p<05). Breast milk DHA was the strongest predictor of infant erythrocyte DHA levels (p=<001). This remained significant after adjustment for cord blood DHA, supplementation group and adherence. CONCLUSION: In this cohort, breast milk DHA was a greater determinant of infant erythrocyte n-3 LCPUFA status, than direct supplementation with fish oil.
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