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  • Title: Complex expression changes of the placental endothelin system in early and late onset preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction and gestational diabetes.
    Author: Dieber-Rotheneder M, Beganovic S, Desoye G, Lang U, Cervar-Zivkovic M.
    Journal: Life Sci; 2012 Oct 15; 91(13-14):710-5. PubMed ID: 22580289.
    Abstract:
    AIMS: Preeclampsia (PE), fetal growth restriction (FGR) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are major pregnancy complications affecting maternal and fetal health. The placenta and the vasoconstrictor endothelin-1 (ET-1) have a controlling and mediating role in these conditions. This study tested the hypothesis that the expression of ET-1 and its receptors (ET(A) and ET(B)) is altered in these pathologies and differs between early (gestational week [GW] ≤ 34) and late (GW > 34) third trimester pregnancies. MAIN METHODS: The study included 88 women (GW 28-41) with PE (blood pressure >140/90 mmHg, protein >300 mg/24 hrs; n=14), FGR (<10th birthweight centile and pathological umbilical blood flow; n=13), PE+FGR (n=5) and GDM (n=21), and gestational age-matched controls (n=35). ET-1, ET(A) and ET(B) mRNA and ET(A) and ET(B) protein were quantified in placental tissues by real-time PCR and immunoblotting. KEY FINDINGS: The ET/ETR mRNA system is altered in PE and PE+FGR and GDM. Expression of ET-1, ET(A) and ET(B) is upregulated in early onset PE and PE+FGR with stronger effect in PE+FGR. GDM down regulated ET/ETR mRNA in the placentas in late third trimester of pregnancy. ET/ETR protein is virtually unchanged. SIGNIFICANCE: Early onset PE (≤GW34) with or without FGR is associated with increased mRNA expression of the ET/ETR system, while in late onset PE and GDM the opposite effect was observed. This study supports the emerging concept that early and late onset PE are different diseases.
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