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  • Title: Minimally invasive tubular retractor system for adequate exposure during surgical obliteration of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas with the aid of indocyanine green intraoperative angiography.
    Author: Desai A, Bekelis K, Erkmen K.
    Journal: J Neurosurg Spine; 2012 Aug; 17(2):160-3. PubMed ID: 22632175.
    Abstract:
    Effective surgical obliteration of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) traditionally requires laminectomy or hemilaminectomy to allow intradural exposure and occlusion of the draining vein. The authors present successful treatment of a spinal DAVF by using a tubular retractor system to provide minimally invasive exposure at the L5-S1 level adequate for both microsurgical treatment and intraoperative indocyanine green angiography.
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