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  • Title: The effect on dental enamel of varying concentrations of fluoridated milk with a cariogenic challenge in situ.
    Author: Malinowski M, Duggal MS, Strafford SM, Toumba KJ.
    Journal: J Dent; 2012 Nov; 40(11):929-33. PubMed ID: 22841581.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the effect of two concentrations of fluoride in milk, 2.5 and 5.0 ppm, on the prevention of demineralisation with a cariogenic challenge compared with milk with 0 ppm F. METHODS: In a controlled, randomised, cross-over, double-blind in situ study, 23 subjects wore a lower removable appliance with 2 enamel slabs for 21 days during each study arm. Subjects used F-free toothpaste and the cariogenic challenge comprised of five 2 min dippings per day in 12% sucrose. The slabs were dipped in 50 ml of milk with 0 ppm, 2.5 ppm or 5.0 ppm F twice daily for 5 min. Subjects drank 100ml twice per day of the same milk. Slabs were analysed with Knoop microhardness to assess changes in mineralisation. RESULTS: Results showed that enamel was softened in all groups but the extent of enamel softness was reduced with an increasing concentration of F in milk, being highly significant for both F groups compared to the control (p<0.0001). 5.0 ppm F group showed a trend towards less softening compared to the 2.5 ppm F but was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: In our in situ model, 2.5 and 5.0 ppm F in milk significantly protected enamel from demineralisation.
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