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  • Title: Frozen-thawed embryo transfer is associated with a significantly reduced incidence of ectopic pregnancy.
    Author: Shapiro BS, Daneshmand ST, De Leon L, Garner FC, Aguirre M, Hudson C.
    Journal: Fertil Steril; 2012 Dec; 98(6):1490-4. PubMed ID: 22925683.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To compare the incidence of ectopic pregnancy (EP) after fresh ET and thawed ET. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Private fertility center. PATIENT(S): This retrospective study included 2,150 blastocyst transfers, including all 1,460 fresh autologous blastocyst transfers and all 690 transfers of autologous blastocysts derived from post-thaw extended culture of thawed bipronuclear oocytes in the 8-year study period 2004-2011. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Visualized EP and treated persistent pregnancy of unknown location. RESULT(S): The rate of visualized EP was 1.5% in pregnancies in fresh autologous cycles, which was significantly more than the rate of 0 with autologous post-thaw extended culture. The rates of treated persistent pregnancy of unknown location were 2.5% and 0.3% in these two groups, respectively, a difference that was also statistically significant (relative risk 7.3, 95% confidence interval 1.7-31.0). CONCLUSION(S): Relative to fresh transfer, thawed ET was associated with significantly reduced incidence of EP. These findings are consistent with ovarian stimulation increasing the risk of EP.
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