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  • Title: Fat embolism syndrome following the intramedullary alignment guide in total knee arthroplasty.
    Author: Caillouette JT, Anzel SH.
    Journal: Clin Orthop Relat Res; 1990 Feb; (251):198-9. PubMed ID: 2295174.
    Abstract:
    Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is a well-known complication of total hip arthroplasty (THA). FES occurs less frequently in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) than in THA. A 67-year-old woman developed FES after placement of the intramedullary femoral alignment guide during TKA. The diagnosis is based upon a subtle, but significant change in the oxygen saturation after placement of the guide. This potentially fatal complication may be avoided with a simple precautionary step of intramedullary canal marrow aspiration prior to placement of the alignment guide pin.
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