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  • Title: Genetic screening for synthetic lethal partners of polynucleotide kinase/phosphatase: potential for targeting SHP-1-depleted cancers.
    Author: Mereniuk TR, Maranchuk RA, Schindler A, Penner-Chea J, Freschauf GK, Hegazy S, Lai R, Foley E, Weinfeld M.
    Journal: Cancer Res; 2012 Nov 15; 72(22):5934-44. PubMed ID: 22962271.
    Abstract:
    A genetic screen using a library of 6,961 siRNAs led to the identification of SHP-1 (PTPN6), a tumor suppressor frequently mutated in malignant lymphomas, leukemias, and prostate cancer, as a potential synthetic lethal partner of the DNA repair protein polynucleotide kinase/phosphatase (PNKP). After confirming the partnership with SHP-1, we observed that codepletion of PNKP and SHP-1 induced apoptosis. A T-cell lymphoma cell line that is SHP-1 deficient (Karpas 299) was shown to be sensitive to a chemical inhibitor of PNKP, but resistance was restored by expression of wild-type SHP-1 in these cells. We determined that while SHP-1 depletion does not significantly impact DNA strand-break repair, it does amplify the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and elevate endogenous DNA damage. The ROS scavenger WR1065 afforded protection to SHP-1-depleted cells treated with the PNKP inhibitor. We propose that codisruption of SHP-1 and PNKP leads to an increase in DNA damage that escapes repair, resulting in the accumulation of cytotoxic double-strand breaks and induction of apoptosis. This supports an alternative paradigm for synthetic lethal partnerships that could be exploited therapeutically.
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