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  • Title: MicroRNA-494 regulates mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle through mitochondrial transcription factor A and Forkhead box j3.
    Author: Yamamoto H, Morino K, Nishio Y, Ugi S, Yoshizaki T, Kashiwagi A, Maegawa H.
    Journal: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab; 2012 Dec 15; 303(12):E1419-27. PubMed ID: 23047984.
    Abstract:
    MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important posttranscriptional regulators of various biological pathways. In this study, we focused on the role of miRNAs during mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle. The expression of miR-494 was markedly decreased in murine myoblast C₂C₁₂ cells during myogenic differentiation, accompanied by an increase in mtDNA. Furthermore, the expression of predicted target genes for miR-494, including mitochondrial transcription factor A (mtTFA) and Forkhead box j3 (Foxj3), was posttranscriptionally increased during myogenic differentiation. Knockdown of miR-494 resulted in increased mitochondrial content and upregulation of mtTFA and Foxj3 at the protein level. A 3'-untranslated region reporter assay revealed that miR-494 knockdown directly upregulated the luciferase activity of mtTFA and Foxj3. All of these observations were reversed by overexpression of miR-494. Furthermore, the miR-494 content significantly decreased after endurance exercise in C57BL/6J mice, accompanied by an increase in expression of mtTFA and Foxj3 proteins. These results suggest that miR-494 regulates mitochondrial biogenesis by downregulating mtTFA and Foxj3 during myocyte differentiation and skeletal muscle adaptation to physical exercise.
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