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  • Title: B-mode ultrasound versus color Doppler twinkling artifact in detecting kidney stones.
    Author: Sorensen MD, Harper JD, Hsi RS, Shah AR, Dighe MK, Carter SJ, Moshiri M, Paun M, Lu W, Bailey MR.
    Journal: J Endourol; 2013 Feb; 27(2):149-53. PubMed ID: 23067207.
    Abstract:
    PURPOSE: To compare color Doppler twinkling artifact and B-mode ultrasonography in detecting kidney stones. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Nine patients with recent CT scans prospectively underwent B-mode and twinkling artifact color Doppler ultrasonography on a commercial ultrasound machine. Video segments of the upper pole, interpolar area, and lower pole were created, randomized, and independently reviewed by three radiologists. Receiver operator characteristics were determined. RESULTS: There were 32 stones in 18 kidneys with a mean stone size of 8.9±7.5 mm. B-mode ultrasonography had 71% sensitivity, 48% specificity, 52% positive predictive value, and 68% negative predictive value, while twinkling artifact Doppler ultrasonography had 56% sensitivity, 74% specificity, 62% positive predictive value, and 68% negative predictive value. CONCLUSIONS: When used alone, B-mode is more sensitive, but twinkling artifact is more specific in detecting kidney stones. This information may help users employ twinkling and B-mode to identify stones and developers to improve signal processing to harness the fundamental acoustic differences to ultimately improve stone detection.
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