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  • Title: Autonomic dysreflexia and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome.
    Author: Matias AC, Rocha J, Cerqueira ME, Pereira JM.
    Journal: Am J Phys Med Rehabil; 2013 May; 92(5):453-8. PubMed ID: 23117272.
    Abstract:
    Autonomic dysreflexia is a syndrome of massive imbalanced reflex sympathetic discharge in patients who had a spinal cord injury above the splanchnic sympathetic outflow resulting in a sudden increase in blood pressure. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) refers to a clinicoradiologic entity characterized by headache, consciousness impairment, visual disturbances, seizures, and posterior transient changes on neuroimaging (cerebral vasogenic edema). Hypertension is a common cause of PRES. The authors describe two case reports of patients with tetraplegia who developed PRES after an autonomic dysreflexia episode. One of them had recurrence of PRES in a similar clinical context. The authors discuss further aspects of PRES and its recurrence, which seems to be unusual particularly after autonomic dysreflexia.
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