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  • Title: Predicting late recurrence in surgically treated patients with Cushing's disease.
    Author: Barbot M, Albiger N, Koutroumpi S, Ceccato F, Frigo AC, Manara R, Fassina A, Gardiman MP, Scanarini M, Mantero F, Scaroni C.
    Journal: Clin Endocrinol (Oxf); 2013 Sep; 79(3):394-401. PubMed ID: 23278711.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: Cushing's disease (CD) has an uncertain prognosis because patients achieving remission after transsphenoidal pituitary neurosurgery (TSS) may relapse. We aimed to identify factors predicting relapse, focusing on desmopressin (DDAVP) and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) tests after surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-seven patients with CD (mean age 36 years) after TSS experienced remission (24 cases), late relapse (LR) (15 cases), or persistent disease (18 cases). RESULTS: The median time to relapse was 40 months. ACTH levels increased after both DDAVP and CRH stimulation, with a significantly higher response in the late recurrence group, showing this to be an indicator of increased risk of relapse. In the logistic regression model, a rise in ACTH >9 pg/ml after DDAVP and >36·7 pg/ml after CRH showed a sensitivity of 93% and 73%, respectively, a specificity of 82% and 76% in LR group. The area under the curve was 0·91 for DDAVP, 0·80 for CRH and 0·95 for DDAVP+CRH test, i.e. the combined tests performed better than each test alone, but not to a statistically significant degree. A response to both tests resulted in a positive predictive value (PPV) of 100%, while no response to either test in a negative predictive value (NPV) of 100%. CONCLUSIONS: ACTH hyper-responsiveness to DDAVP stimulation proved a valuable indicator of relapsing patients with high sensitivity and specificity; in selected cases when a clear high increment of ACTH level is not evident, the CRH test might be used as additional tool to confirm the risk of future relapses.
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