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  • Title: Modification in swallowing and ventilation co-ordination during hypercapnia, hypoxia, and tachypnea in unrestrained animals.
    Author: Ghannouchi I, Duclos C, Marie JP, Verin E.
    Journal: Neurogastroenterol Motil; 2013 Apr; 25(4):308-e247. PubMed ID: 23278913.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: It has been demonstrated that aspirations could occur during respiratory failure, explained by a lack of co-ordination between swallowing and ventilation. To test this hypothesis, we examined the co-ordination of ventilation and swallowing in a completely unrestrained rat model during different level of hypercapnia, during hypoxia, and during tachypnea. METHODS: A total of 50 male Wistar rats (250-350 g) were studied in a barometric plethysmograph to analyze swallowing and ventilation during swallowing, at different gas concentration [room air (G1), 10% of O2 and 0% of CO2 (G2), 21% of O2 and 5% of CO2 (G3), 21% of O2 and 10% of CO2 (G4), tachypnea (G5)]. KEY RESULTS: During hypoxia, there was no difference between G2 and G1 regarding the swallowing parameters and ventilatory parameters. During hypercapnia, there was an increase in swallowing during inspiration in G4 (16 ± 20%P < 0.01) compared with G1. The analysis of ventilatory parameters during swallowing showed an increase in tidal volume (VT) and mean inspiratory time (VT/TI) (P < 0.001) with no change in respiratory cycle duration (TTOT), inspiratory time (TI), and expiratory time (TE) when compared with G1. During tachypnea (G5), the VT decreased (P < 0.05) without any change in VT/TI. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES: Our results on animal demonstrated that hypercapnia increased swallowing during inspiration, which was not the case for tachypnea or hypoxia, and could explain some aspirations during respiratory failure.
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