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  • Title: Urinary amines in Tourette's syndrome patients with and without phenylethylamine abnormality.
    Author: Bornstein RA, Baker GB.
    Journal: Psychiatry Res; 1990 Mar; 31(3):279-86. PubMed ID: 2333359.
    Abstract:
    Previous data indicated a subgroup of Tourette's syndrome patients with a beta-phenylethylamine (PEA) level that was lower than all subjects in a control group matched for age and education. The current study compared the subgroups of Tourette's syndrome patients (n = 28) from the previous study with 20 control subjects in regard to other amines and metabolites. Patients with low levels of PEA were also found to have lower levels of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylglycol, normetanephrine, serotonin, m-tyramine, and p-tyramine. There was also some evidence of dopaminergic abnormalities in the low-PEA subgroup. These data provide suggest a role of PEA in the pathophysiology of some patients with Tourette's syndrome. This effect may be mediated through other neurotransmitter systems.
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