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  • Title: Preparation, characterization, in vivo biodistribution and pharmacokinetic studies of donepezil-loaded PLGA nanoparticles for brain targeting.
    Author: Md S, Ali M, Baboota S, Sahni JK, Bhatnagar A, Ali J.
    Journal: Drug Dev Ind Pharm; 2014 Feb; 40(2):278-87. PubMed ID: 23369094.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder manifested by cognitive, memory deterioration and variety of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Donepezil is a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor used for the treatment of AD. The purpose of this work is to prepare a nanoparticulate drug delivery system of donepezil using poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) for sustained release and efficient brain targeting. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by the solvent emulsification diffusion-evaporation technique and characterized for particle size, particle-size distribution, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, drug loading and interaction studies and in vivo studies using gamma scintigraphy techniques. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The size of drug-loaded NPs (drug polymer ratio 1:1) was found to be 89.67 ± 6.43 nm. The TEM and SEM images of the formulation suggested that particle size was within 20-100 nm and spherical in shape, smooth morphology and coating of Tween-80 on the NPs was clearly observed. The release behavior of donepezil exhibited a biphasic pattern characterized by an initial burst release followed by a slower and continuous sustained release. The biodistribution studies of donepezil-loaded PLGA NPs and drug solution via intravenous route revealed higher percentage of radioactivity per gram in the brain for the nanoparticulate formulation as compared with the drug solution (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The high concentrations of donepezil uptake in brain due to coated NPs may help in a significant improvement for treating AD. But further, more extensive clinical studies are needed to check and confirm the efficacy of the prepared drug delivery system.
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