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  • Title: Fibrinogen concentrate reduces intraoperative bleeding when used as first-line hemostatic therapy during major aortic replacement surgery: results from a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
    Author: Rahe-Meyer N, Hanke A, Schmidt DS, Hagl C, Pichlmaier M.
    Journal: J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg; 2013 Mar; 145(3 Suppl):S178-85. PubMed ID: 23410777.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVES: We assessed whether fibrinogen concentrate as targeted first-line hemostatic therapy was more effective than placebo or a standardized transfusion algorithm in controlling coagulopathic bleeding in patients undergoing major aortic surgery. METHODS: In this single-center, prospective, double-blind study, adults undergoing elective thoracic or thoracoabdominal aortic replacement surgery involving cardiopulmonary bypass were randomized to intraoperative fibrinogen concentrate (n = 29) or placebo (n = 32). Study medication was given if patients had clinically relevant coagulopathic bleeding, measured by 5-minute bleeding mass, after cardiopulmonary bypass removal, protamine administration, and surgical hemostasis. Fibrinogen concentrate dosing was individualized using the thromboelastometric FIBTEM test. If bleeding continued, a standardized transfusion algorithm was followed. In the placebo group, all 32 patients received 1 transfusion cycle of fresh-frozen plasma/platelets, and 30 patients required a second transfusion cycle; none of these patients received any other procoagulant therapy. Change in bleeding rate after treatment was compared using t tests. RESULTS: Mean change in bleeding rate after fibrinogen concentrate was -48.3 g/5 min, compared with 0.4 g/5 min after placebo (P < .001), -16.1 g/5 min after 1 transfusion cycle (fresh-frozen plasma or platelets; P = .003), and -28.0 g/5 min after 2 transfusion cycles (fresh-frozen plasma and platelets; P = .11). Reductions in bleeding rate were greater for patients with higher bleeding rates before treatment, especially with fibrinogen concentrate. CONCLUSIONS: FIBTEM-guided intraoperative hemostatic therapy with fibrinogen concentrate is more effective than placebo in controlling coagulopathic bleeding during major aortic replacement surgery. Fibrinogen concentrate is also more effective than 1 cycle of fresh-frozen plasma/platelets and is more rapid than--and at least as effective as--2 cycles of fresh-frozen plasma/platelets.
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