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  • Title: Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted 6,8-difluoroquinolones, including sparfloxacin, a new quinolone antibacterial agent with improved potency.
    Author: Miyamoto T, Matsumoto J, Chiba K, Egawa H, Shibamori K, Minamida A, Nishimura Y, Okada H, Kataoka M, Fujita M.
    Journal: J Med Chem; 1990 Jun; 33(6):1645-56. PubMed ID: 2342057.
    Abstract:
    A series of 5,7-disubstituted 1-cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro-4(1H)-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acids (10-36) were prepared; the C-5 substituent in these compounds comprised halo, hydroxy, mercapto, and amino groups and the C-7 functional group included variously substituted piperazines. In vitro antibacterial screening results indicated that the amino group was optimal among the C-5 substituents. A combination of the C-5 amino group and the C-7 3,5-dimethylpiperazinyl appendage in this series conferred the best overall antibacterial property with lack of adverse drug interactions. Compound 36k [named sparfloxacin, originally AT-4140, 5-amino-1-cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro-7-(cis-3,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)- 4(1H)-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid] was superior to ciprofloxacin in both in vitro and in vivo potency and hence was selected as a promising candidate for an improved therapeutic agent.
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