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  • Title: Quantitative solid phase microextraction - gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis of the pesticides lindane, heptachlor and two heptachlor transformation products in groundwater.
    Author: McManus SL, Coxon CE, Richards KG, Danaher M.
    Journal: J Chromatogr A; 2013 Apr 05; 1284():1-7. PubMed ID: 23466207.
    Abstract:
    This paper describes the development and validation of a method for the determination of lindane, heptachlor and two heptachlor transformation products (exo- and endo-heptachlor epoxide) in groundwater. Samples were extracted using a simple solid phase microextraction (SPME) method with a polyacrylate fibre prior to detection by gas chromatography mass spectrometry in electron impact ionisation mode (GC-EI-MS). The linearity of the method ranged from 0.015 to 5.0 μg L(-1), with correlation coefficients greater than 0.99. Recoveries ranged from 96 to 101% at several fortification levels with all coefficients of variation (CV%) less than 10.5%. The method was validated to the permitted limits laid down in the European Union drinking water directive (98/83/EC). The limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 0.015 μg L(-1) in groundwater samples. Samples had to be analysed within 24h of collection otherwise degradation occurred and disposable SPME polyacrylate fibres lasted up to 51 injections. Both endo-heptachlor epoxide and lindane were detected in groundwater samples with concentrations ranging between 0.033 and 0.048 μg L(-1).
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