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  • Title: External fixation and delayed intramedullary nailing of open fractures of the tibial shaft. A sequential protocol.
    Author: Blachut PA, Meek RN, O'Brien PJ.
    Journal: J Bone Joint Surg Am; 1990 Jun; 72(5):729-35. PubMed ID: 2355035.
    Abstract:
    Between 1983 and 1989, forty-one open fractures of the tibial shaft were treated with débridement and provisional external fixation, followed by delayed soft-tissue closure and subsequent intramedullary nailing with reaming. The average duration of external fixation was seventeen days (range, six to fifty-two days). The average time between removal of the fixator and intramedullary nailing was nine days (range, zero to twenty-four days). Of thirty-nine patients who had adequate follow-up, two (5 per cent) subsequently had a deep infection. Both infections healed, with retention of the nail and without chronic osteomyelitis. There were two nonunions and one delayed union. Satisfactory alignment was achieved in thirty-seven patients (95 per cent). This sequential protocol for treatment, which involved a short period of external fixation and thus minimized colonization of the pin tracks, yielded excellent results and a low rate of infection.
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