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  • Title: Stress and anxiety-depression levels following first-trimester miscarriage: a comparison between women who conceived naturally and women who conceived with assisted reproduction.
    Author: Cheung CS, Chan CH, Ng EH.
    Journal: BJOG; 2013 Aug; 120(9):1090-7. PubMed ID: 23631687.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To compare the psychological impact following early miscarriage between women who conceived naturally and women who conceived following assisted reproduction. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Assisted reproduction clinic and general gynaecological unit in a university-affiliated, tertiary referral hospital. POPULATION: A cohort of 150 women (75 after natural conception; 75 after assisted reproduction). METHODS: Completed semi-structured interviews using two standard questionnaires [the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and the 22-item Revised Impact of Events Scale (IES-R)], at 1, 4, and 12 weeks after a diagnosis of first-trimester miscarriage. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The GHQ-12 and IES-R scores for the two groups of women. RESULTS: The GHQ-12 and IES-R scores were significantly higher in the assisted reproduction group than the scores in the natural conception group, at 4 weeks and 12 weeks after miscarriage. Further breakdown of the scores revealed significantly higher hyperarousal symptoms at 4 and 12 weeks in the assisted reproduction group, indicating the traumatic effect of miscarriage to these women. CONCLUSIONS: Following first-trimester miscarriage, subfertile women who conceived after assisted reproduction had higher stress and anxiety-depression levels, and experienced more traumatic impact from the event, than those after natural conception. A timely support and psychological intervention would be beneficial in the management of this group of women.
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