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  • Title: A signature protein-based method to distinguish Mediterranean water buffalo and foreign breed milk.
    Author: Caira S, Pinto G, Balteanu VA, Chianese L, Addeo F.
    Journal: Food Chem; 2013 Nov 01; 141(1):597-603. PubMed ID: 23768399.
    Abstract:
    A novel genetic variant at the αs1-casein locus of water buffalo (WB), 8-residue shorter than its wild-type has been found and sequenced. The internal deletion of the peptide E(35)KVNELsT(42) was confirmed by the isolation of the junction peptide. The 8-residue deletion mutant has a molecular weight that is 919 Da less than that of the wild-type. The novel isoform with a unique f35-42 deletion could be the result of the skipping of exon 6, generating an exon 6-deleted variant of αs1-casein. The wild-type and its shortened αs1-casein forms were found to co-exist in many individual milk samples. In contrast, the 8-residue, internally deleted αs1-casein variant did not occur in water buffaloes of the Mediterranean breed reared in Italy. Wild-type αs1-casein has 6 to 8 phosphate groups (P) while the internally deleted form 6 and 7P per molecule.
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