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  • Title: Sorption of antibiotic sulfamethoxazole varies with biochars produced at different temperatures.
    Author: Zheng H, Wang Z, Zhao J, Herbert S, Xing B.
    Journal: Environ Pollut; 2013 Oct; 181():60-7. PubMed ID: 23811180.
    Abstract:
    Sorption of sulfonamides on biochars is poorly understood, thus sulfamethoxazole (SMX) sorption on biochars produced at 300-600 °C was determined as a function of pH and SMX concentration, as well as the inorganic fractions in the biochars. Neutral SMX molecules (SMX(0)) were dominant for sorption at pH 1.0-6.0. Above pH 7.0, although biochars surfaces were negatively-charged, anionic SMX species sorption increased with pH and is regulated via charge-assisted H-bonds. SMX(0) sorption at pH 5.0 was nonlinear and adsorption-dominant for all the biochars via hydrophobic interaction, π-π electron donor-acceptor interaction and pore-filling. The removal of inorganic fraction reduced SMX sorption by low-temperature biochars (e.g., 300 °C), but enhanced the sorption by high-temperature biochars (e.g., 600 °C) due to the temperature-dependent inorganic fractions in the biochars. These observations are useful for producing designer biochars as engineered sorbents to reduce the bioavailability of antibiotics and/or predict the fate of sulfonamides in biochar-amended soils.
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