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  • Title: Upper extremity venous thrombosis diagnosed by duplex scanning.
    Author: Kerr TM, Lutter KS, Moeller DM, Hasselfeld KA, Roedersheimer LR, McKenna PJ, Winkler JL, Spirtoff K, Sampson MG, Cranley JJ.
    Journal: Am J Surg; 1990 Aug; 160(2):202-6. PubMed ID: 2382774.
    Abstract:
    The incidence of axillary-subclavian venous thrombosis continues to rise, while reports of noninvasive methods to diagnose this condition have been sparse. A review of the records of 693 consecutive upper extremity duplex scans was performed, and a diagnosis of acute venous thrombosis was made in 123 of these patients. Of these, 85 involved the axillary or subclavian vein. Use of a central venous catheter was the most common risk factor for axillary-subclavian venous thrombosis. Within this group, 8% had a pulmonary embolism, of which 25% were fatal. Follow-up of patients with axillary-subclavian venous thrombosis at a mean of 2 years revealed that 49% of these patients had died. Of the remaining patients, more than one third had evidence of the post-thrombotic syndrome. Duplex scanning of the venous system provides a safe, reliable, and repeatable method of evaluating and following patients with suspected venous thrombosis of the upper extremity.
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